Erdoğan's 2028 retirement pledge is inoperative — he appears as a presidential candidate in Turkey's next presidential election, and the vehicle is a parliament-triggered early election (the Article-116 loophole) enabled by DEM votes, NOT the publicly-fixated new constitution that abolishes term limits outright.
Strongest counter — The seat math is a real block: AKP-MHP hold ~320, both the early-election trigger and an amendment need 360, and Metropoll shows 66.3% of Turks — including 40.2% of AKP voters — oppose changing the constitution for him. If the DEM deal collapses on sequencing, no legal path opens and the pledge becomes true by default. Survives at 0.72, not higher: his intent is multiply-sourced, he controls the courts, media and election machinery, has a 2.5-year runway, and holds two independent legal paths (early election OR amendment) that both route through the same obtainable 57 votes — but the DEM dependency is genuine enough to bar a higher number.
Wrong if — Erdoğan is not a candidate on the ballot in Turkey's next presidential election, or if he publicly and irreversibly endorses a successor as the AKP nominee in his place before that vote.